跟贾陆英老师学《论语》为政篇第2章 2013年12月18日

    今日下午，《论语札记》作者贾陆英老师继续在老秘网QQ群“重温经典读书会”组织大家学习讨论《论语》为政篇第2章。有贾老师的热心授课，我们的重温经典读书会已名副其实了。昨天老秘网新开了“公文写作合议庭”版块，也期待大家积极参与。这里，老猫把今日的聊天记录整理如下：

# s6 w* d3 X1 ^7 l mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: 7 H8 v/ u! t4 o* \1 oTahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">

6 N) {3 P4 r k) {1 F* n mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">贾陆英：0 [1 Z4 N4 K9 e; z' l0pt">

) Q( h5 G! V- x% q- @$ G; {4 n% V0 `

+ B; A# Q$ o0 M# G. MTahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> 

' @* H: `' ^! A: P . @: H3 |% y6 d5 l

# `6 K# o0 h1 e* Emso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: & x' o8 f" J. d. sTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">各位好，星期一下午有事未到，让大家久等了。特致歉意。今天下午，我们学习讨论《论语》为政篇第+ d8 L# F5 m3 N2 }3 \ mso-font-kerning:0pt">2. T3 \0 X0 V ~6 O! c7 U2 efont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 6 j% Q q' @* umso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">章：) T( k. u- s: W' R! Pmso-font-kerning:0pt">

. x+ D$ L- I1 N7 R6 g" x

% H' D, f! T0 {! T Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> 

8 X- y" Q6 @! E! y: q; c2 c0 ~! }$ pTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">2•2/ E2 ^. h3 a5 h$ x) V10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 1 Q* j" [5 g4 k* f8 q8 `7 S7 G0 e7 jmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">子曰：" _( u5 C) ]0 W3 P mso-font-kerning:0pt">"# q8 v/ |2 h; z% _$ U% z" tfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗三百，一言以蔽之，曰：思无邪。9 N9 I' l) n- z& p2 Z! I( v mso-font-kerning:0pt">"
0 `; k' d1 Z1 i: l' }. o$ H

- z j$ u( u" v$ S9 n

4 [0 K9 ]+ Z' m mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: 0 D$ H7 S0 q QTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗三百：《诗经》实有三百零五篇，三百只是举其整数。% B! S9 I4 }7 l" \3 W4 V( p mso-font-kerning:0pt">“3 E* q% S3 C+ U' R$ wfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">蔽5 |4 |6 D2 o3 y mso-font-kerning:0pt">”! k5 r& s( B, P8 \ font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 0 I2 H1 Z+ ` z3 d" L8 U5 y, bmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">：概括。思无邪：《诗经: {1 u, U: q5 Q; }. { mso-font-kerning:0pt">•$ |0 \% f8 q' a& l3 y, \) M7 Jfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; ' F( V7 }, w) C; mmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">鲁颂: W9 }2 N9 p3 L8 B# @ mso-font-kerning:0pt">•8 G" o5 C* Z* b( _ font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; : B+ O" e [# `! y( B2 a1 Lmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">駧》》上的一句话。原文的思字是语助词，孔子借用这句话把思作思想讲。无邪：纯正，没有邪念。4 ?, p- Q5 j4 f# hmso-font-kerning:0pt">

, u* K0 Z3 ~9 m; O0 i: j `5 c # m* z$ J9 A1 C, `

- J$ d& y7 D' `1 H& lmso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">孔子说：% k2 b2 V. d1 S( \. Q# o) Z% |! {0pt">“2 ~$ {+ \2 P7 Z7 L4 p, jTahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; mso-font-kerning:0pt">《诗经》三百篇，用一句话来概括它，就是9 l5 [' Z8 k R0 w. w 0pt">‘! e& c, m! A5 e2 \ Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; ' g6 z4 f8 z: O' [mso-font-kerning:0pt">思想纯正。" O/ \" B' e! t- p' z7 o. n: Q+ T 10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">’” 
8 u9 w0 g, B" k \

, r; D; a! L; x; h

9 t' d7 B p& a4 z& k, ?; d mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: $ [% W5 c7 s! `5 |: FTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">问：孔子为什么极为重视诗教？/ ~. F X# p$ ^# o) {" n0pt">

/ \: L* a/ Y/ D3 F

g4 n5 i3 \6 K4 H mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: 0 `9 K9 N$ f/ _9 Q: l! xTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">答：本章是孔子对《诗经》精神的概括。孔子曾经说过，吾道一以贯之，指出他的学说有一个贯穿其中的基本精神，读书学习，重要的是要把握这个基本精神。一言以蔽之，就是一以贯之的意思，$ h2 s- m/ }; e% m5 \8 Cmso-font-kerning:0pt">" t6 s& T) N6 F) @ ~4 M$ u font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">思无邪! P) v% p& l, I: c; x2 Gmso-font-kerning:0pt">"7 F5 A; X8 H7 Qfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">就是贯穿于诗经三百篇中的核心精神。4 u" Q% q& u/ o9 E' h- f* t# P7 xmso-font-kerning:0pt">

; p7 W3 K6 G8 U$ r- k. K. l / h% `# [4 a+ u5 |

& `6 N1 q% y ]% y1 K3 w Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> 

1 j7 ^* ?* U3 Z5 i* A

) d. y, a0 U" u7 [ mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: , G9 M+ m: r1 n& x# nTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">孔子说：+ t; l' n( d4 E& G( ~0 g0pt">“) C) R% s6 ]3 Y% c' {) P Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; mso-font-kerning:0pt">兴于诗、立于礼、成于乐1 Z# v4 r8 Z: T3 A10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">”, Z l; ~+ y1 S- h8 O1 ~0 e; @! Bmso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语 i0 [. X# ?3 H7 D. Q" d6 E10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">•7 \8 b/ J0 I* C6 X0 L mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; mso-font-kerning:0pt">泰伯》），兴于诗，强调诗的教育之重要，所兴的是人的情感。立于礼，礼教的目的是使人在社会上立足。成于乐，乐教的目的是使这种& e- Y. Z2 @) s7 D7 c% q5 ?0 I mso-font-kerning:0pt">“! v' w4 K5 P7 K3 z font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">立1 @2 j; j9 Q( [1 Amso-font-kerning:0pt">”! [: D/ Q8 c: e! [/ S font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; ' |; u0 [+ o6 emso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">最终得以完成。古人讲的( N. K1 `8 E- W& V9 [* hmso-font-kerning:0pt">“$ t& [/ A5 `/ n font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; / `6 l; H6 U6 o0 Cmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">乐0 I8 n$ m- v: l! ~ }8 U: Imso-font-kerning:0pt">”, ?+ P4 Y% j( lfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，包括音乐、舞蹈、诗歌等等，诗歌是运用有节律、有韵律的语言反映生活、抒发情感的文学体裁，孔子认为，就教化的功能而言，# V% [( ?! d# k& o) ~. o" h& b- jmso-font-kerning:0pt">“' L L' @. X/ e font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">乐教9 w* z) ]2 C" s3 |mso-font-kerning:0pt">”+ d3 Z h3 H% E8 L- z9 P font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">、9 f2 |7 k- t* M mso-font-kerning:0pt">“+ |. [9 Z% l. q1 N& i4 |# Q$ Ffont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 0 C8 L: e8 t6 m" f& i$ Ymso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗教' J2 {/ Z' W$ z7 } n0 Wmso-font-kerning:0pt">”+ x7 m e( `6 m9 c x$ b5 O! F$ h3 C0 D font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">是一个人品德养成、人性完善的最高层次。: W' A1 m; f+ _' E) Fmso-font-kerning:0pt">

/ l' x8 F" [- W! P8 E, P8 |

( s* b4 S) m# |( Y7 R' D) R mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: ' l! N- H ]+ x T7 X1 hTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">《诗经》是中国最早的一部诗歌总集，经孔子删订，收有从西周初年到春秋中叶的诗歌+ a% } i$ F& _0 }9 R. a mso-font-kerning:0pt">3056 |3 `0 v' q4 t. }$ V font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; + j1 p8 R) ]( L7 r* emso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">篇。孔子特别重视9 a; h; o+ e2 X" Q7 g- g3 x& G8 i9 Dmso-font-kerning:0pt">“/ [, a( I M* W: G3 I2 {' ufont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗: o8 n+ x$ G& {5 D Jmso-font-kerning:0pt">”: k5 ^0 q0 ~! Y) O n1 s font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; " }5 Y4 b6 B5 y9 O) Z4 Cmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">对于人格完善的重要作用，他说：, R! s& k- L* a) }7 u m. Smso-font-kerning:0pt">“/ s6 Y v" H5 Y, D) x font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">不学诗，无以言。8 t H5 F/ i" n& D; ` C mso-font-kerning:0pt">”$ o, R J3 \1 I( h8 ]. b font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语. _' u4 F+ P8 Q2 G$ W& o; } Emso-font-kerning:0pt">•. q& c* J/ x) G; f0 t- s8 j) Efont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">季氏》）( ]) ?4 d$ i, W: t. B. x* cmso-font-kerning:0pt">“' _/ d O3 n. }4 z* f8 M3 b, |font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; ) L4 j4 l0 i4 J3 V$ E( ?/ W/ @/ @mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗，可以兴，可以观，可以群，可以怨。迩之事父，远之事君；多识于鸟兽草木之名。6 s, l1 {4 e" n# k; c- l mso-font-kerning:0pt">”& F' q9 Y! `9 n, z0 gfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语$ y, c z- y6 q; N mso-font-kerning:0pt">•( M: F7 X! f3 z' z& ifont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">阳货》）由此可见，孔子重视《诗经》的教育，一是在于学习《诗》的语言和文化知识，二是通过: ?( y# |$ K- h8 H# ?# P4 I' S mso-font-kerning:0pt">“2 d( g5 v8 N, L3 _. jfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">兴、观、群、怨7 ]% D# q5 K, j9 N$ I% Rmso-font-kerning:0pt">” Q6 f- J" D# \5 g rfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 8 v# o$ X, c4 Q7 A. t: Omso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">陶冶人的情操，并对弟子进行事父、事君等政治思想教育，使人7 W, X% |, }+ V* G6 k4 ] mso-font-kerning:0pt">“0 M& g7 F1 q% X( v' { font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; + B( ]1 k$ T$ r* H3 x; tmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">思无邪/ h. u: u- G: R. U1 h& \mso-font-kerning:0pt">”5 j- J& T4 `; U, b/ O$ L4 q1 v8 R font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; ) A7 R6 H0 R; omso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，遐思而纯正，宁静而致远。8 U. W& ~/ S5 y& Q* e, p O mso-font-kerning:0pt">

9 Q1 W/ t. m& `: ^! x/ @

0 @! X- e6 |; P& v* \* f1 V Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> 

4 a/ M) X/ h- {

; ~& H; E2 `* N3 x/ t mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: 8 t, r) W2 d5 O; Y! RTahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">一丝霞光：3 |& i5 u$ i1 @, M( V 0pt">

# y: x3 S* n1 k1 f( Z9 N: Z+ g 6 \, t$ `' O r' c4 E, H( q( }

* u- i% ^& K% f2 u9 s8 s+ d Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> 

) f' d7 K6 f: _ ~9 g! r

, ^3 a7 K* l, q [# H: M Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">“ O: r6 T: W; b; N: } 10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">不学诗，无以言。! O. v+ h( I* omso-font-kerning:0pt">”

* W) p/ X& @1 x n$ o/ T1 T

3 B5 S" H+ ^5 o$ XTahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> 

6 q0 h: e1 u! v$ a R2 x2 @# ~5 \ mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">睡虫西麦：7 a/ R) _# v5 i' i0pt">

* J- D) F i/ A

0 T& i7 K; g" w7 Z+ lTahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> 

9 b4 a9 z& P) }- G0 ^ ; K, W f- y' s- R, [8 Z

* Q0 T; f; o& }/ ` mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: ; c# U5 y( O6 O/ {$ l" b* x- ZTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗三百，一言以蔽之，曰：思无邪。" L9 H& `/ G" R# ^: {, ^! [mso-font-kerning:0pt">"( D8 [3 [: d, F: N& m font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; ; J2 H" q' Y1 f% p) D$ p* Pmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">睡虫歪解：诗歌三百篇，用一句话来掩盖，就是思想纯正。本来这诗歌中都是男思女，女想男，教人学坏啊。于是孔子来遮盖这个丑啊，就说，人家的思想是很纯洁的。9 ?" W" h1 e. k8 O5 t mso-font-kerning:0pt">

# I8 A7 L( H. x: F b2 E( I: I 4 x: R1 w1 K9 @6 K2 b7 K

4 }# [; t2 h% T" ?! L Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> 

5 h8 K0 Y" g# j0 k0 e' t9 U" ] j $ Y/ m0 }5 d! N/ M. }

; c. [( a* O, m: e) I W' M* Qmso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">贾陆英 |( B% r' h2 \$ S. B( {6 y0pt">：

. K4 ^6 V; V* p. R; J) S0pt">

* g5 R" h! n5 w( N mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: 8 @( V5 t- X- O2 ~) B/ wTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗歌三百篇，用一句话来掩盖，就是思想纯正。本来这诗歌中都是男思女，女想男，教人学坏啊。于是孔子来遮盖这个丑啊，就说，人家的思想是很纯洁的。! M4 j9 A# t5 f/ J/ \1 V mso-font-kerning:0pt">——6 f/ Y! I! m, A8 E- d6 N$ E/ V font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">此乃4 a6 u: u; O/ B, H* x# _mso-font-kerning:0pt">“$ g9 ]; G6 J" p) Ffont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">歪批# R& y+ J" m! ^- u. t( W! d0 y7 Hmso-font-kerning:0pt">”& L7 T" b# ^" W+ l! hfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 0 _+ j8 t5 W3 Q1 ^& ?mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">。诗经确有许多歌颂男女爱情的作品，那时的社会风气是开化的，孔子的思想也是开化的。这种风气被改变，是后来的事。不可用后人的标准衡量前人。“我把贾老得罪了”0 }; f2 s6 T- Pmso-font-kerning:0pt">——( |: Z, |9 v. ?5 a5 D' c1 D8 h5 @font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; : K& c9 R$ W% P4 t& Fmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">开个玩笑，没关系的。+ ~3 T1 H' Y' {$ R2 Y7 Qmso-font-kerning:0pt">

) {6 ~! F2 t5 h/ C: e; j: U : i4 Z2 I, \, j- s9 k5 @7 [

$ g2 j! @9 }" v8 [3 w Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> 

2 C- R. a: I5 W( t, R 2 n8 P2 y: e4 e8 q* \3 d2 u- _1 h

" A1 A0 ^# B% i6 `) n: @/ mTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> “) U7 ^3 D: L, K; Y6 j' |6 a' z# h3 Lfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗，可以兴，可以观、可以群，可以怨。) s- P3 o, T" h! s: `) Tmso-font-kerning:0pt">”3 ^" |% t! U0 A! B. Y/ _font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; $ B6 n8 J, Q M) p1 d: Imso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">学诗的作用就在于- u; Z6 E7 M( |3 n& J4 ^9 r mso-font-kerning:0pt">“' A J! w% d( zfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">兴0 a S0 N* @* I/ Dmso-font-kerning:0pt">”) a7 L* t. C2 f# y& jfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 5 z# [6 P: M5 Mmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">、9 N% J, R# ~0 m4 u1 q4 p# R mso-font-kerning:0pt">“! Y3 q+ s+ g0 L. W1 \# | font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; ; ]. Z- n* ]0 N" g0 l* lmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">观4 d7 x$ ~4 ~0 R: q" Y mso-font-kerning:0pt">”. U$ a- [: H, xfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 0 J$ Q% k8 r4 S1 ]6 |8 Dmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">、# p5 v8 T; F; o* Y/ n/ e# Umso-font-kerning:0pt">“6 W/ k3 c9 a; I8 q/ pfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">群$ v% x: n5 b7 V- O( emso-font-kerning:0pt">”: p3 `) \, V3 W8 {1 R! m% X6 ufont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">、( M. z% ]7 M4 p1 lmso-font-kerning:0pt">“' m2 f! Z9 n/ x- k font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">怨& k# J( N3 }, {( q o0 |: y0 b: emso-font-kerning:0pt">”( _ o0 @8 y5 J: [$ z) cfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 9 v _% }1 ~3 s+ P7 }: h0 n- ?mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">四个字。所谓& \' a# o, K9 l! j+ {$ K mso-font-kerning:0pt">“' J' }; G" F+ I1 X5 f* s font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 1 G( S0 F! S7 C b4 `& Ymso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">兴# A& x: B0 ?9 Gmso-font-kerning:0pt">”; Z" O2 n u( [& e* Y font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗可以激发人的兴致，培养想象力；所谓+ D9 f3 h" x! c mso-font-kerning:0pt">“) R0 @5 p1 s9 e j0 j font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; ( _3 t( o' W Z6 ~+ pmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">观( Y' ]0 I3 x8 ^- ?! \$ L( \mso-font-kerning:0pt">”! d O/ a+ p8 h( {) A% Xfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; + W7 z8 X* K2 ]% W/ W6 @5 W. Vmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗可以多识鸟兽草木等大自然之物，提高观察力；所谓" V7 ?( T) w& J mso-font-kerning:0pt">“: \1 X& H. d$ N& S5 `; F. L7 S/ d% R font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">群9 L3 Y2 Q$ T, p! d4 U7 x mso-font-kerning:0pt">”% J5 m. r9 d& jfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; " N( e g+ E# j5 V# n; h- a* X" |5 Imso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗可以涵养温柔敦厚的性情，提高在群体中生活的能力；所谓, j& p5 Y* L8 C5 v, Wmso-font-kerning:0pt">“" q) s5 Y" N. Z9 _9 Y font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; ; v& x" n7 H2 w9 z7 smso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">怨7 m7 @7 i0 v7 q3 @ mso-font-kerning:0pt">”7 N5 B. T. k2 }) c! Vfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 6 K5 y; t+ y5 }# _mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗还可以锻炼7 g2 }3 J! ^1 M% X; Qmso-font-kerning:0pt">“; x8 D& P) p; s$ ~5 t font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; ! P+ H( R/ {" e: C, _8 Xmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">乐而不淫、哀而不伤 B) y, s$ O8 T/ ?mso-font-kerning:0pt">”& q7 E3 c$ i- ^- B* l* Efont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语2 Q, d9 }1 h; `mso-font-kerning:0pt">. _9 }% O. Q. g4 z; m% Cfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">八佾》）的胸襟和品格，抒发心中之怨，而又能- x( O( c( @# {* v9 I mso-font-kerning:0pt">“ i. W( [: p0 x+ k# a- [/ { font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; ; s) K2 ]" w) u# _" P- @4 A, ~! N8 X( Omso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">怨而不怒- D, @) ?# ^- Hmso-font-kerning:0pt">” d' w% G6 b: C7 g i1 `, `$ tfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《朱熹 Z* Y) `6 g0 n1 R( x# a5 s) Qmso-font-kerning:0pt">.) ?; N' g* U; ^! N2 S1 y$ D font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 9 F0 E7 l1 S( N/ D" C! k% zmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">论语集注》），恰到好处，合乎中道。总之，学诗可以使人 h; L* {& Z7 s$ P0 { mso-font-kerning:0pt">“9 G! w( i, I2 o/ m font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; : y/ @+ H( B$ dmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">思无邪4 W' p" c. f+ D1 J mso-font-kerning:0pt">”/ y) p+ x+ V6 Bfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语+ h$ V. t' Q9 i! z5 W8 M& D mso-font-kerning:0pt">.2 I0 F2 G! D- w, z0 g- _2 T5 K! ffont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">为政》），遐思而纯正，宁静而致远。$ G/ G9 h5 D r" Y3 Lmso-font-kerning:0pt">

# ^9 W1 d4 k! U3 v$ ~Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> 

- ^# g. r h6 E/ \/ V

. J7 i) G% n$ C$ Q& F7 ?' H& imso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">睡虫西麦：# A( N# Q6 ~4 h0pt">

; V1 ~& k2 q6 p! K* X% wTahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> 

; `7 D4 I$ R4 [! V; ]! h0 @% _

- C! R: Z6 o( Z* U0 @; H/ s mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: 4 f- _' F- T2 b2 N1 P% ^; lTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">继续歪解啊：群呢，就是说物以类聚，大家有共同的审美和爱好，对诗经有雷同的见解，于是呢，就找到好朋友了。所谓怨呢，就是说看到诗经里写的这么美好的事物人物，会生出点点怨气，怨自己为什么没有诗经这么美好的生活，从而激发斗志。3 n8 x0 X5 v8 R mso-font-kerning:0pt">; R Z' c w: Z. l2 ] font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">咱是粗人一个，供拍砖用" M4 n; L, q( a$ [mso-font-kerning:0pt">   2 V" |& j: I) X/ u) I* C9 ^font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 5 E+ {/ Q' x2 g, ?+ n. ^% kmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">啊! V/ }2 W, o, R4 G, q, E, Dmso-font-kerning:0pt">

5 ?4 ~ ]+ R: ^) @' y* o# M Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> 

, k6 E3 N5 A9 ~ L mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">无心随风：- w. l* k6 P( _" g2 \ 0pt">

+ V, n) ]! A( l( M# `

) `5 Z5 z8 e. A* |$ hTahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> 

5 n, H7 g0 D7 [; \& n4 b

) b3 g0 G. h4 z0 r; f( ]) vmso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">智者见智，淫者见淫。有道理6 c3 M) I6 c) C7 m( c/ T 0pt">

$ k2 a- I4 z: E; N- d1 a7 r

7 P8 ~5 U5 s- S; u9 |7 NTahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> 

3 p; `1 [2 U$ k$ o& d: {mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: 6 C- G3 s/ k" ~+ \9 cTahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">贾陆英：+ p3 |: y2 d/ y: V k 0pt">

6 }, x) F& e3 b9 T f! y* _

, G+ L" r* o! s* _0 i; X Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> 

) K( I' h5 K, Y( t% F5 G, u - `: m( D$ M6 Z6 H( `( x' B: G, u- W

; t; d4 _. [. j) o5 D. S mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">大家是做文秘工作的，写文章，也需要提高文学素养，如能恰到好处地引用几句诗词、名言警句，定会使文稿熠熠生辉。否则，干巴巴的，没有文彩，读之无味。% Y+ Q0 r8 ^& f6 c, q6 _# S5 i. p mso-font-kerning:0pt">

; x) j; C: e! T( s. p . g# K G8 U* m" W- r

9 X4 W0 G1 q# B! n- t$ L Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> 

9 K+ x0 o' A$ n5 ^ 3 v* `, E8 h: I9 a7 e

0 ?9 ~$ h9 o0 K. Vmso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: , e6 K9 d F' d: m4 wTahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">睡虫西麦：* c5 B- B+ h6 `& s) k m0pt">

) U9 k$ c! C$ FTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">; @4 D0 { \% B! e$ @# S font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">是的，不但文稿晦暗，而且说服力弱+ \0 Q0 Y8 t/ u' E mso-font-kerning:0pt">

4 z( Q% H6 s4 \4 d& o

, X- n! P3 q8 d. D; F+ ] Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> 

: s; C# O7 k) a

! ^2 I; w0 W& ymso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: . T9 u7 N3 Y! p- B9 jTahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">求觉迷者：5 ]( r% K! M) Q0 w, g% E7 ~" m2 S* Y8 B 0pt">

( a. _- d2 e. |5 c0 ^

* c9 E) k, ?- U, Z7 q7 l. f+ @ Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> 

$ ~- Y2 `+ \' o3 Y- b4 |mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">我们领导基本把稿子中的诗句都略掉，不读，也许在正式场合没有习总的温柔劲吧7 w% [; O+ `! w1 w! V3 g7 @ mso-font-kerning:0pt">

' m5 r. {5 s4 z/ a4 l

0 u! A3 U1 a& Q# ^& N: ^; q Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> 

# z4 u9 x/ }7 ]% m9 J! T

% n3 f7 T. H$ N. K! _4 {( }; j0 j mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: 0 e1 ~( x, a% |% T/ tTahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">好風如水：- A! z4 n3 a" q% ?5 B0 q" o& T0pt">

; v, R% _1 U K' u5 x a. c

( C$ \( q$ y' Z- `" p Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> 

* y$ G, l: B& f# b A3 Q

( `( m1 N! l; |% D- g3 F3 _; b$ Rmso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: S5 I4 m/ j+ D% o$ GTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">怨，是否也指怨刺，有着对社会的不满和抨击，比如《硕鼠》《伐檀》等等8 D/ [: j# o0 _# q: t mso-font-kerning:0pt">

?$ n* g4 [* L; e+ `3 w7 p2 C M

, y" R( n/ ]" V9 qTahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> 

& T8 I, v! m: f3 Q, e ! K/ m# K' \8 o+ P" \. F

1 f1 _% }: i" P5 d% ~) [ mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">贾陆英：+ S* ~8 D( {- {; R: m0pt">

% y+ d( w" m" G& }) M# F, ~

( r* a. L0 |7 O( S7 U8 ?Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> 

' x/ j/ i) ~8 H5 }5 h mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">是啊，大家看看习总的语言风格，文学素养深厚，值得学习。

非学无以立德,非学无以增智。读书学习的过程就是交流思想的过程,就是与良师益友对话的过程,可以使我们立德、修身、养性、改过。感谢贾老师赐教。

{:soso_e195:}好好学习