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今日下午，《论语札记》作者贾陆英老师继续在老秘网QQ群“重温经典读书会”组织大家学习讨论《论语》为政篇第2章。有贾老师的热心授课，我们的重温经典读书会已名副其实了。昨天老秘网新开了“公文写作合议庭”版块，也期待大家积极参与。这里，老猫把今日的聊天记录整理如下：
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8 B* J/ `4 E) E' o9 |& I9 d' O1 STahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">各位好，星期一下午有事未到，让大家久等了。特致歉意。今天下午，我们学习讨论《论语》为政篇第% z0 N6 u& H6 j+ v0 ]+ H
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* v6 m+ u& Q0 w7 w F8 n3 cmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗三百，一言以蔽之，曰：思无邪。" B( s. f; x: t2 ?$ `2 H9 F
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗三百：《诗经》实有三百零五篇，三百只是举其整数。2 O' g; L1 X! E: emso-font-kerning:0pt">“! X8 H b* s3 W! H! ~ {
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">：概括。思无邪：《诗经) J4 M* [# z, U
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">駧》》上的一句话。原文的思字是语助词，孔子借用这句话把思作思想讲。无邪：纯正，没有邪念。" k, Z/ H- L- {5 S9 ?6 Rmso-font-kerning:0pt">
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& f O3 d7 b m7 RTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">孔子说：- ?$ |5 {# {# S9 z9 ~( W5 S+ w
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' R* B! T9 M6 r1 M+ x5 zmso-font-kerning:0pt">《诗经》三百篇，用一句话来概括它，就是& J% Q5 A& f8 Y/ b
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">问：孔子为什么极为重视诗教？, G( A/ P$ _. W9 \/ G
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">答：本章是孔子对《诗经》精神的概括。孔子曾经说过，吾道一以贯之，指出他的学说有一个贯穿其中的基本精神，读书学习，重要的是要把握这个基本精神。一言以蔽之，就是一以贯之的意思，! s* {# m6 F' I3 [7 {
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mso-font-kerning:0pt">兴于诗、立于礼、成于乐! O* P9 `: I# F! a1 r" Q10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">”* V1 k8 V* W# {& _9 R
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mso-font-kerning:0pt">泰伯》），兴于诗，强调诗的教育之重要，所兴的是人的情感。立于礼，礼教的目的是使人在社会上立足。成于乐，乐教的目的是使这种3 A' ^+ R, Q- \8 T5 V# C; Umso-font-kerning:0pt">“7 c2 \; Y/ ]+ Pfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
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. [: s3 V$ b3 {& J- G$ [mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">最终得以完成。古人讲的( Y8 [1 E, \% u8 i
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# V% c; x. M4 T6 Tmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，包括音乐、舞蹈、诗歌等等，诗歌是运用有节律、有韵律的语言反映生活、抒发情感的文学体裁，孔子认为，就教化的功能而言，: X! r( ]' O, Y) i1 d2 a- _
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" ^; L7 T2 {6 I# R# qmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">乐教) F9 `# P- V6 k# z, y5 V6 P
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4 g: Z) N; T: ^7 x: P$ X' }& N3 hmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">是一个人品德养成、人性完善的最高层次。0 [' N9 F6 R3 p! T1 |mso-font-kerning:0pt">
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">《诗经》是中国最早的一部诗歌总集，经孔子删订，收有从西周初年到春秋中叶的诗歌3 v' ^0 H/ x$ I% K2 l8 lmso-font-kerning:0pt">3058 N9 Y! F- N) J+ B/ Afont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
0 m; c9 q8 `4 B, Jmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">篇。孔子特别重视* R$ f' x% d3 l
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$ [. K7 W! v0 kmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">对于人格完善的重要作用，他说：4 F$ O6 h9 y) q- i7 ]+ f
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">不学诗，无以言。5 E1 X7 b% v9 ^: \# J: F
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+ n, i1 d7 x3 [$ ?mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语2 U. ^( |# K" V. U( Umso-font-kerning:0pt">•3 x# q$ u: x' f6 Y* Q0 @
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">季氏》）; O8 Y& k. I+ o) u3 S# p
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗，可以兴，可以观，可以群，可以怨。迩之事父，远之事君；多识于鸟兽草木之名。$ O/ K: ~/ e; u
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/ L9 s! `" D5 J& X; H- smso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">阳货》）由此可见，孔子重视《诗经》的教育，一是在于学习《诗》的语言和文化知识，二是通过8 g0 i7 A( }' Y4 _/ mmso-font-kerning:0pt">“; y; A/ ^7 N8 \% Q6 Ffont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;& G4 T* n8 } L6 {
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">兴、观、群、怨% m4 A' l" D0 u; a
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9 ?1 y/ S/ \3 ~1 k8 H( S1 kmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">陶冶人的情操，并对弟子进行事父、事君等政治思想教育，使人# P2 y. Y. w4 w' Dmso-font-kerning:0pt">“$ e; s! c9 l( c& C3 e
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，遐思而纯正，宁静而致远。3 ]6 j' v5 F/ ^mso-font-kerning:0pt"> 9 B9 E3 X' R" r' Z
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& H f8 o. i# cTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗三百，一言以蔽之，曰：思无邪。5 N% _3 r! @# `2 \
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">睡虫歪解：诗歌三百篇，用一句话来掩盖，就是思想纯正。本来这诗歌中都是男思女，女想男，教人学坏啊。于是孔子来遮盖这个丑啊，就说，人家的思想是很纯洁的。" e4 [, O$ W, H/ Ymso-font-kerning:0pt"> ( _" j3 m3 ^* U3 i7 v& N3 u
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗歌三百篇，用一句话来掩盖，就是思想纯正。本来这诗歌中都是男思女，女想男，教人学坏啊。于是孔子来遮盖这个丑啊，就说，人家的思想是很纯洁的。9 Y0 x4 F1 ^) D$ Tmso-font-kerning:0pt">——& F, c" S3 W7 ~5 h
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
! X# C! W0 e1 S' p5 Amso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">此乃7 m# m0 d2 B; I- ^9 F- t6 Umso-font-kerning:0pt">“8 G% b: e6 {2 |: d- m
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">歪批5 P; o5 w5 N7 c# O
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">。诗经确有许多歌颂男女爱情的作品，那时的社会风气是开化的，孔子的思想也是开化的。这种风气被改变，是后来的事。不可用后人的标准衡量前人。“我把贾老得罪了”( h. j, j0 W) I) ~5 ^' Z& }
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">开个玩笑，没关系的。: i: h6 x; |6 V, qmso-font-kerning:0pt"> " C5 U5 a! p* D0 o& f9 f& J
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗，可以兴，可以观、可以群，可以怨。9 G$ ^, q3 f6 H- ]; a" C$ s1 ~mso-font-kerning:0pt">”9 p; T9 u% X9 Efont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
3 Y- h, c% z& h6 T, O5 A3 K0 X# xmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">学诗的作用就在于, Q) B, v$ f0 z$ r* }% _mso-font-kerning:0pt">“: `; r- J0 `0 V3 T3 \( Z# mfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">怨! U' m4 r% G# G# `) z2 tmso-font-kerning:0pt">”9 Y; u' X7 T: U- W% R0 d
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">四个字。所谓: d" [. K& m8 _, E L7 \" T
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗可以激发人的兴致，培养想象力；所谓9 l7 ?( G8 u$ A6 z% l7 `mso-font-kerning:0pt">“0 {- ]$ f# {) }. Sfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
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h6 S1 P" \4 |7 @mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗可以多识鸟兽草木等大自然之物，提高观察力；所谓+ N( M7 Z# y1 A0 t( D/ B& Imso-font-kerning:0pt">“4 l. c# V) k1 v, C, l6 R* Hfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
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& \- y. `. ?+ j; L* P! x5 y/ h- U' umso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗可以涵养温柔敦厚的性情，提高在群体中生活的能力；所谓. k5 @$ Z: r! w5 m8 {* k7 wmso-font-kerning:0pt">“2 k% v% ~% {. _8 ^5 U; F/ ~% P$ Ffont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;, ?/ p, V/ M0 F! h$ D: n
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">怨( {# T1 O" M- |' B6 E$ fmso-font-kerning:0pt">”; R2 S3 J% h9 r7 g, Ifont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;$ j6 q, r$ J' s+ }, ~
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗还可以锻炼6 V+ _7 G( h! C$ ?+ {mso-font-kerning:0pt">“ r/ Y) P3 v% e! q
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">乐而不淫、哀而不伤* S* }/ q, M3 m: N4 _2 J/ pmso-font-kerning:0pt">”, e: a, e$ j" P2 xfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;: g/ N- S3 [ c9 T8 m) q
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语) g0 t4 z7 h6 P7 o
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">八佾》）的胸襟和品格，抒发心中之怨，而又能: P0 a' B2 F6 {1 E- c- l6 Y3 @0 K2 \mso-font-kerning:0pt">“+ A3 X R. R& C4 ], R
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">怨而不怒' e0 Q: ^ {2 V- w8 M9 Fmso-font-kerning:0pt">”- \( v$ \' c/ W+ g
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《朱熹7 V4 \* n) _$ s. `5 B8 q& Z8 cmso-font-kerning:0pt">.5 X) e }7 L5 P! Q1 S2 dfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;( t$ M6 i2 S2 J" r0 n: W
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">论语集注》），恰到好处，合乎中道。总之，学诗可以使人0 I8 Q0 O/ c2 u1 `8 Umso-font-kerning:0pt">“$ r: u1 k" ?/ vfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语3 E* X/ ?1 }# X, rmso-font-kerning:0pt">.' t/ R- k' _1 p8 W5 ^; R
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">为政》），遐思而纯正，宁静而致远。( B \! c2 O: {( j% \6 X, w6 Q
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Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">睡虫西麦：8 I$ w2 ]% T4 |+ m N0 {
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">继续歪解啊：群呢，就是说物以类聚，大家有共同的审美和爱好，对诗经有雷同的见解，于是呢，就找到好朋友了。所谓怨呢，就是说看到诗经里写的这么美好的事物人物，会生出点点怨气，怨自己为什么没有诗经这么美好的生活，从而激发斗志。+ ?( j! N3 f: ?7 C: s( D4 W
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">咱是粗人一个，供拍砖用( E7 v0 y3 p2 h Dmso-font-kerning:0pt">  - r8 a3 \0 v' i6 t, Y
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">智者见智，淫者见淫。有道理4 k" V2 s( L* l; g
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7 |: q |: l; GTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">大家是做文秘工作的，写文章，也需要提高文学素养，如能恰到好处地引用几句诗词、名言警句，定会使文稿熠熠生辉。否则，干巴巴的，没有文彩，读之无味。# C/ m4 c. R( M$ w. u; mmso-font-kerning:0pt"> 4 X4 t' c! t. u3 \: V
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">是的，不但文稿晦暗，而且说服力弱5 q7 G x& z: s, m; L/ `mso-font-kerning:0pt">
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">我们领导基本把稿子中的诗句都略掉，不读，也许在正式场合没有习总的温柔劲吧+ r* _* Q1 y+ V }1 `* Emso-font-kerning:0pt"> 7 q# I/ F' S2 h$ X( U
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提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
抢沙发
千斤顶
显身卡
300x180 AD
